Molecular Spectroscopy Study of Human Tooth Tissues Affected by High Dose of External Ionizing Radiation (Caused by Nuclear Catastrophe of Chernobyl Plant)

Ionizing radiation remains the most significant environmental factor, causing severe impacts on human health on the vast territory of Ukraine for 25 years. Medical monitoring of the dental health of more than 1500 people who participated in cleaning work at the Chernobyl power station territory after the catastrophe has demonstrated an increasing of specific dental problems occurred after several years of participating at these works (Leus et al., 1998). The high level of hyperstenzy of hard dental tissues, the increase of enamel abrasion (first and second degrees) and the noncarious dental disease (cuneiform defects, pitting) are typical for around 63%, 36% and 47% of examined patients, respectively (Darchuk et al., 2008). Pathological dental abrasion, cuneiform defects, enamel erosion and enamel scissuras have been shown in Fig.1. Significant damages of parodontium (level II-III) by generalized severe periodontitis were detected for men with an acute radiation syndrome (Revenok, 1998). The main pathology was an intensified degeneration process while carious changes occurred, although these last were not directly related to irradiation.